Affordable Anal Cancer (এনাল ক্যান্সার) Treatment in Bangladesh
Anal Cancer
Anal Cancer
Overview:
The anal canal is a short tube surrounded by muscle at the end of your rectum. The rectum is the bottom section of your colon (large intestine). When you have a bowel movement, stool leaves your body from the rectum through the anal canal. Cancer begins when some of the body’s cells divide without stopping. As the cancer grows, it may stay in nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body, a process called metastasis. Anal cancer starts in the cells around or just inside the anal opening. A person may be diagnosed with precancerous cells in the anal area. With time, these cells may have a high chance of becoming cancerous. While this condition is treated differently than anal cancer, it is the reason to get treatment early.
STATS AND FACTS
• Anal cancer is much rare than rectum or colon cancer.
• About two-thirds of anal cancers affect women.
• Anal cancer accounts for about 1-2% of all cancers of the intestines
• Anal cancer most often affects people ages more than 45 years.
• Anal cancer spreads most often to the liver and the lungs. When they spread, the disease is difficult to treat
RISK FACTORS
A risk factor increases your chance of getting a disease. The most common risk factor for anal cancer is being infected with the human papilloma virus (HPV). HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that may also cause warts in and around the anus or genitals in both men and women, but anal cancer can occur without the presence of warts. Other risk factors include:
• Age (55 and older)
• Anal sex
• Sexually transmitted diseases
• Multiple sex partners
• Smoking
• History of HPV-related cancers, especially cervical
• Weakened immune system due to HIV, chemotherapy, or having an organ transplant
• Chronic inflamed areas that cause long-term redness or irritation, such as anal fistulas or open wounds in the anal area
• Prior pelvic radiation therapy for rectal, prostate, bladder, or cervical cancer.
PREVENTION
Although few cancers are totally preventable, avoiding risk factors and getting regular checkups are important. Using condoms may reduce, but not get rid of the risk of HPV infection. HPV vaccines (for those ages 9 to 26) have been shown to not only lower the risk of HPV infection, but also reduce the risk of anal cancer in men and women. People at increased risk should talk to their physicians about getting an anal cancer screening. During this test, your physician swabs the anal lining, looking at the cells under a microscope for anything unusual. Other forms of screening include looking closely at the area during a surgery, or in the office with a special scope to look in the anal canal. Early identification and treatment of precancerous areas may help prevent anal cancer.
SYMPTOMS
As many as 20% of patients with anal cancer may not have symptoms. The following symptoms can be seen with anal cancer, but may also be caused by less serious conditions such as hemorrhoids. However, if you notice any of these, see your physician as soon as possible.
• Bleeding from the anus or rectum
• Pain in the anal area
• A mass or growth in the anal opening
• Lasting anal itching
• Change in bowel habits, e.g. having more or fewer bowel movements or more straining during a bowel movement
• Narrowing of the stools
• Discharge, mucous, or pus from the anus
• Swollen lymph glands in the anal or groin area
DIAGNOSIS
Many anal cancers are found early because they are in a location that your physician can easily see and reach. Diagnosis is often made when people with any of the above symptoms undergo an anal exam. Anal cancer may also be found incidentally during yearly physical exams that include a digital rectal exam. The rectal exam is performed to check the rectum, prostate or other pelvic organs. Anal cancer can also be found when a person has a preventive colorectal screening test (such as a colonoscopy).
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
• A digital rectal exam in which your physician inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the anus and rectum to feel for lumps or other abnormalities.
• Exam of the anal canal with a small, lighted scope (anoscopy) to visualize any abnormal areas.
• Biopsy, in which sample tissue is snipped from the area in question and tested to make an accurate diagnosis
• Anal ultrasound, MRI, or other imaging tests to determine the extent of anal cancer after a confirmed diagnosis is made.
TREATMENT
Most cases of anal cancer have high cure rates when treated early. There are three basic types of treatment:
• Surgery – an operation to remove the cancer
• Radiation therapy – high-dose X-rays that kill cancer cells
• Chemotherapy – drugs that kill cancer cells
Combination therapy with radiation and chemotherapy is considered the gold standard treatment for most anal cancers. Sometimes, very small or early-stage tumors may be removed surgically without the need for further treatment. If the cancer is advanced, major surgery may be required to remove the tumors.
WHAT IS COLOSTOMY SURGERY?
This is a commonly asked question. A colostomy is when the end of the colon (large intestine) is brought through an opening (stoma) in the abdominal wall. A bag is attached to the outside of the patient’s belly to collect bowel movements.
In the majority of cases, a colostomy is not required, as many cancers can be cured with chemotherapy and radiation alone. A colostomy may be needed if the tumor does not respond well to therapy or recurs after treatment. For advanced anal cancer or unusual types, the surgeon may need to remove the rectum and anus and create a permanent colostomy. Sometimes this is the only way to remove all the cancer cells.
POST-TREATMENT PROGNOSIS
Most of the anal cancer is cured with combination therapy. If caught early, many cancers that come back after nonsurgical treatment are treated effectively with surgery. While combination radiation/chemotherapy produces more side effects, this approach also results in the best long-term survival rates. After completing this treatment, as many as 70-90% of patients are still alive and cancer free at 5 years.
Regular follow-up with a careful exam by your colon and rectal surgeon is important. During the appointment, he or she will assess the results of treatment and check to see if there are any new signs of anal cancer. In some instances, additional studies may be needed.
Which Doctor is best for diagnosis and treatment plan for anal cancer?
You must visit a Colorectal Surgeon for initial diagnosis, evaluation, treatment plan, follow up, management of complication and surgery for the residual anal cancer after therapy.
Who is a Colorectal Surgeon?
A colorectal surgeon should have a MS degree on Colorectal Surgery &/or is the faculty of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). He/she has huge knowledge, expertise and experience on this field enough to do both medical and surgical treatment. There are very few colorectal surgeons in Bangladesh. We can offer you the best treatment in this field. We treat piles (haemorrhoid), colon cancer, rectum cancer, Anal cancer, anal fistula, anal abscess, anal fissure, rectal prolapse, incontinence, constipation, chronic dysentery, abdominal pain, IBS, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, tuberculosis, polyps, vomiting, abdominal gas, per rectal bleeding, anal pain, pilonidal sinus, obstructed defecation(ODS), rectocele, rectal intussusception, pelvic floor descend. We do colonoscopy, LASER Surgery, Laparoscopic surgery, rubber band/ring ligation, injection sclerotherapy, Longo, STARR, rectopexy, fistula surgery, Colon/rectal/anal cancer treatment, APR, Anterior resection, colectomy etc with excellence and hospitality.
কলোরেক্টাল সার্জন হচ্ছেন পায়ুপথ, মলাশয়, বৃহদান্ত্র ও ক্ষুদ্রান্ত্র এর সকল রোগের চিকিতসা ও অপারেশনে বিষেশজ্ঞ। তিনি কলোরেক্টাল সার্জারী বিষয়ের উপর এমএস ডিগ্রী করেছেন কিংবা বঙ্গবন্ধু শেখ মুজিব মেডিকেল বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের কলোরেক্টাল সার্জারী বিষয়ের শিক্ষক হিসাবে কর্মরত আছেন অথবা কর্মরত ছিলেন। একজন কলোরেক্টাল সার্জন এসব রোগ সম্পর্কে দীর্ঘদিন পড়ালেখা ও গবেষণা করেছেন তাই তিনি এসব বিষয়ে ডিটেইল জানেন এবং তাদের ভুল করার সম্ভাবনা কম। আমরা যেসব রোগের সর্বোত্তম চিকিৎসা নিশ্চিত করিঃ পাইলস, কোলন ক্যান্সার, রেক্টাম/মলাশয় ক্যান্সার, পলিপ, এনাল/মলদারের ক্যান্সার, ফিস্টুলা, ফোঁড়া, এনাল ফিসার, রেক্টাল প্রোলাপ্স (হালিশ), কোষ্ঠকাঠিন্য, মলত্যাগে বাধাগ্রস্ততা, ডায়রিয়া, আমাশয়, পেটে ব্যাথা, আইবিএস, আলসারিটিভ কোলাইটিস, ক্রনস ডিসিস, পেটের ও মলদারের যক্ষা, বমি, পেট ফাঁপা, পেট ফোলা, বদ হজম, পেটে গ্যাস, মলদারে রক্ত যাওয়া, মলদারে ব্যাথা, পাইলোনিডাল সাইনাস ইত্যাদি। আমরা বিনা অপারেশনে পাইলসের চিকিৎসা, লেজার চিকিৎসা, কলোনস্কপি, রাবার ব্যান্ড/রিং লাইগেশন, ইঞ্জেকশন স্কেরোথেরাপি, লঙ্গো, STARR, ফিস্টুলা সার্জারী, ল্যাপারোস্কপিক রেক্টোপেক্সি, মলদার রেখেই কোলন ও রেক্টাম ক্যান্সার অপারেশন ইত্যাদি সেবা আন্তরিকভাবে দক্ষতার সাথে দিয়ে আসছি।
Read More:
1.https://www.cancer.gov/types/anal/patient/anal-treatment-pdq
2.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anal-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354140
3.https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-cancer
4.https://www.cancer.org/cancer/anal-cancer/about/what-is-anal-cancer.html
5.https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anal-cancer/
6.https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6151-anal-cancer
7.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_cancer
8.https://www.webmd.com/cancer/what-is-anal-cancer
Appointment
For Anal Cancer treatment and care by Colorectal Surgeon Dr Tariq Akhtar Khan please call 01736-369536 and take an appointment.
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